由于内容较多且包含大量参考文献和说明性文字，以下是对原文的改写版本： --- ### 参考文献 1. **Sahlberg, P. (2015).** *Finnish Lessons 2.0: What Can the World Learn from Educational Change in Finland*. Teachers College Press. 2. **Ministry of Education, Singapore. (n.d.).** *Student Learning Space (SLS)* [EB/OL]. Retrieved March 12, 2026, from https://www.moe.gov.sg/education-in-sg/student-learning-space 3. **Committee on STEM Education, National Science and Technology Council. (2018).** Charting a Course for Success: America's Strategy for STEM Education [R/OL]. Retrieved March 12, 2026, from https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/05/f62/STEM-Education-Strategic-Plan-2018.pdf 4. **Hausamann, D. (2012).** MINT Talent Support in School Labs: New Perspectives for Gifted Youth and for Teachers of the Gifted. *Roeper Review*, 34(3), 201-217. 5. **Gehrmann, A. (2025).** Lateral Entry and Career Jumping into the Teaching Profession in Germany [M]. Springer. 6. **Bautista, A., Wong, J., & Gopinathan, S. (2015).** Teacher Professional Development in Singapore: Depicting the Landscape. *Psychology, Society & Education*, 7(3), 311-326. 7. **National Science Foundation. (2024).** Research Experiences for Teachers in Engineering and Computer Science [EB/OL]. Retrieved March 12, 2026, from https://www.nsf.gov/funding/opportunities/research-experiences-teachers-engineering-computer-science/nsf24-503/solicitation 8. **UNESCO. (n.d.).** *"Haus der kleinen Forscher" Foundation: Strengthening Children's STEM Skills for a Sustainable Future in Germany*[EB/OL]. Retrieved March 12, 2026, from https://www.unesco.org/en/early-childhood-education/haus-der-kleinen-forscher-foundation-strengthening-childrens-stem-skills-sustainable-future-germany 9. **Poon, C. L. (2014).** Five Decades of Science Education in Singapore [M]. Springer. --- ### 作者信息 作者田伟系北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心副研究员；梁依谷系北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心博士研究生；辛涛系该中心主任、教授（通讯作者）；徐英可系该中心硕士研究生。 --- ### 出处 本文发表于《人民教育》2026年第12期，原标题为《中小学科技教育的国际经验与启示——以美国、芬兰、德国、新加坡为例》。